Yoga Therapy Protocol for Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM).23
| Yoga Therapy | Duration | Benefits |
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| Jathis (warming up) | 5 min | Helps loosen the joints and prepares the body for performing asanas |
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| Standing postures | Total 10 min | |
| Palm tree posture: Talasana
Triangle posture: Trikonasana Extended side angle posture: Parsvakonasana Hero pose: Veerasana |
20 sec each side/asanas/3 sets | Stretches and tones up all back and leg muscles
Relieves upper and lower extremities stiffness Helps reduce the fat accumulation around the waist and hip regions, which helps in insulin sensitivity by ameliorating insulin resistance |
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| Sitting postures | Total 7 min for all sitting asanas | |
| Wind-relieving pose: Pavanamukthasana | 10 sec/5 rounds | Enhances digestion and elimination of waste
Helps reduce fat accumulation around the abdomen, waist, and hip regions, thus reshaping the body structure |
| Compact pose drawing everything to one’s center: Navasana | 10 sec/5 rounds | Tones up abdominal and thigh muscles in a healthy manner
Sends a pronounced blood supply to the pelvic area by creating healthy tension Effective for disorders of the intestines, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, and spleen Stretches and tones up all of the back, arm, and leg muscles This posture gives an excellent massage to the abdominal organs and is useful for DM patients |
| Half spinal twist pose: Vakrasana | 10 sec/each side/5 rounds | Helps reduce fat accumulation around the abdomen, waist, and hip region, thus reshaping body structure and helping to fight obesity; these asanas also improve insulin sensitivity |
| Half Lord of the fishes pose: Ardha matseyendrasana | 10 sec/each side /5 rounds | Helps correct structural deformities of the spine, shoulder, and upper back regions |
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| Mudras (gestures)
Topsy-turvy gesture: Viparitakarani* |
30 sec/
30 sec relaxation |
Promotes healthy metabolic function by stimulating the pancreas and insulin uptake by the insulin-sensitive body cells (i.e. adipose tissue, heart muscle, and skeletal muscle)
Highly recommended for control of blood sugar in DM and corrects thyroid imbalance |
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| Pranayama (breathing techniques in the sitting posture)
Moon breathing (left side nostril breathing): Chandra nadi Primordial chant: Pranava Skull shining breathing technique: Kapalbhati |
Total 20 min | Tones up cardio-respiratory function that may be compromised in DM
Practicing 3–9 rounds daily helps relax the body-emotion-mind complex; this complex enhances insulin sensitivity and decreases insulin sensitivity |
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| Meditation | Total 12 min | |
| Primordial chant with gesture: Om japa with mudras | 5 min | Relaxes the body-emotion-mind complex and provides complete healing through the production of healing vibrations at all levels of existence |
| Dynamic body relaxation: Kaya kriya | 6 rounds | Mind and body relaxation |
| Part by part body relaxation technique: Marmanasthana kriya | 8 min | |
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| Relaxation | 5 min | Mind and body relaxation |
| Corpse pose: Shavasana | ||
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| Total | 60 min | |