Table 1.

Bleeding, Hematocrit Loss, and Mortality in Immediate Survivors Undergoing Combined Injury (bTBI+UCHS), Uncontrolled Hemorrhagic Shock (UCHS), or bTBI only.

Group Name No. of Rats Mean Blood Loss Until Resuscitation (95% CI) Mean Blood Loss* After Start of Resuscitation (95% CI) Hematocrit Loss* Between Baseline and 45 min (95% CI) Mean Hematocrit at 120 min (95% CI) Mortality Proportion (95% CI)
Sham 11 N/A N/A 3.7 (2.1, 5.4) 39.5 (37.7, 41.3) 0.00 (0.00, 0.30)
bTBI 10 N/A N/A 4.9 (2.2, 7.6) 38.5 (35.0, 42.1) 0.20 (0.50, 0.52)

UCHS 16 1.6 (0.4, 2.8) 1.7 (0, 4.0) 7.9 (6.8, 9.0) 35.5 (33.4, 37.6) 0.44 (0.23, 0.67)
UCHS+LR 11 1.9 (1.2, 2.7) 1.4 (0.3, 2.6) 8.3 (7.0, 9.6) 35.6 (33.2, 38.0) 0.36 (0.15, 0.65)
UCHS+FFP 11 1.7 (1.0, 2.5) 3.1 (1.1, 5.0) 10.5 (8.5, 12.4) 32.1 (29.4, 34.8) 0.36 (0.15, 0.65)

bTBI+UCHS 14 2.1 (0.7, 3.5) 1.9 (0, 3.9) 9.3 (7.6, 11.0) 38.5 (32.6, 44.4) 0.64 (0.39, 0.84)
bTBI+UCHS+LR 12 1.7 (1.3, 2.2) 2.5 (1.2, 3.8) 9.5 (7.6, 11.4) 36.4 (31.6, 41.2) 0.42 (0.19, 0.68)
bTBI+UCHS+FFP 12 2.3 (1.8, 2.7) 5.2 (3.7, 6.6) 13.5 (11.9, 15.1) 31.8 (27.8, 35.7) 0.83 (0.54, 0.97)
*Missing data in 7 rats.

bTBI, blunt traumatic brain injury; CI, confidence interval; FFP, fresh frozen plasma; LR, lactated Ringer’s solution; N/A, not applicable; UCHS, uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock.

RMMJ Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal Rambam Health Care Campus 2023 January; 14(1): e0002. ISSN: 2076-9172
Published online 2023 January 29. doi: 10.5041/RMMJ.10489